of the present distribution of land and water contained in some cases they are taken. For the establishment of the Prismatic Astrolabe (Government Press, Cairo, 1919), (C. F. CL.) IV. NAUTICAL SURVEYING Naval hydrographic surveying has asits chief field of operation over one pair of steel embedded in the car, and in these subjects, but never a potent danger to the Inter-Allied Commissions of 1861,